6 sinus diseases requiring surgery

Chronic infective rhinosinusitis If patients suffering from chronic infective rhinosinusitis do not respond to medicine, the surgery may benefit them. However, the surgery may not be useful in case the patients are also having ciliary motility disorder or immunodeficiency.

Maxillary sinusitis due to dental disorders In case of maxillary sinusitis secondary to dental disorders, if symptoms, sinus infections persist even after apicoectomy treatment or root canal, the sinus surgery is required. However, a need for an endonasal surgical process arises rarely. Antrochoanal and unilateral polyps Antrochoanal polyps start within the maxillary sinus and reach into the nose. Since medication does not treat the polyps, surgery is the only option. Removal of the polyp base present in the maxillary sinus is necessary, otherwise the polyp will reappear. The sinus surgery is also required in case of unilateral nasal polyps secondary to neoplasia (formation of abnormal tissue mass). The purpose of the surgery is removing the polyps and / or biopsy. Sometimes the polyps may appear harmless, but they should be examined thoroughly because an unusual infection or associated tumor may be developing under them. The biopsy will confirm / rule out presence of a tumor or an infection.Paranasal sinus tumors Although several types of tumors are excised during endonasal procedures, removing base of tumor is necessary. The base removal requires surgery. The paranasal sinus tumors are uncommon, but the required surgical procedure is challenging and tough.Inverted papillomaInverted papilloma is a lesion (internal injury) that occurs in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. The lesion rises from the mucosa membrane lining the sinuses and nose, and grows inward.  Generally, the papilloma develops in the maxillary sinus or rises from the lateral wall of the nose. The lesion obstructs both nose and sinus drainage, and as a result symptoms, sinus infections may develop. The papilloma may also cause headache and epistaxis (nosebleed). If inverted papilloma is atypia (cell abnormality) or malignant, an intensive surgical procedure is required. If it is neither atypia nor malignant, only removal of the infected tissues is advised. However, the lesion may recur after surgery and damage surrounding structures and tissues.